History, Geography & People

Geography:

According to the geographical territory Nepal is divided into three main region Himalayan region, mountain region and terai region.

The Himalayan Region : The altitude of this region ranges between 4877 meters and 8848 meters with the snow line running around 4848 meters. It includes 8 of the 14 summits in the world which exceed an altitude of 8000 meters. (1) Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) 8848 m, (2) Kanchenjunga - 8586 m, (3) Lhotse - 8516m, Makalu - 8463m, (5) ChoOyo- 8201 m, (6) Dhaulagiri - 8167m, (7) Manaslu - 8163m, and Annapurna- 8091 m.

Mountain Region: This region accounts for about 64 percent to total land area. It is formed by the Mahabharata range that soars up to 4877 meters. To its south lies the lower Chure range whose altitude varies from 610 meters to 1524 meters.

Terai Region : The low-land Terai region which has a width of about 26 to 32 kilometers and a maximum altitude of 305 meters, which occupies about 17% of total land area of the country. Kechanakawal the lowest point of the country with an altitude of 70 meters lies in Jhapa District of the eastern Terai.

History:

Nepal has always been an independent and sovereign country with glorious history, culture and tradition that date back to time immemorial. Before the campaign of national integration was included by king Prithivi Narayan Shah, the great, the Katmandu valley was ruled by the malla kings, whose contributions to art and culture are indeed great and unique.

In 1372, Katmandu’s king, Jayasthiti Malla, took over the neighboring city-state of Patan, and, a decade later, the city-state of Bhaktapur. The newly unified Katmandu Valley kingdom expanded tremendously during the reign of his successor, King Yaksha Malla. By the middle of the next century, Nepal’s borders extended southwards to the Ganga River, and north deep into Tibet. During this time, the caste system became entrenched as an attractive method of social stability, ensuring the Malla reign. However, after his death in 1482, Nepal once again split up into many small states. The situation lasted for almost two centuries. In the 18th century, a new dynasty came to power.

Prithivi Narayan Shah, born in Gorkha came to power in the Gorkha Kingdom and set about to unify the many princely states in reaction to colonialism. He gradually extended his power until finally, in 1768; he conquered the Katmandu Valley and established the modern nation of Nepal. Barely 20 years later, had war broken out between Nepal and China over Tibet. Lasting nearly a decade, the Nepalese were defeated and forced to sign a treaty that obligated them to pay annual homage to the Chinese. This tribute continued for over a century and ended only in 1912.

People:

Nepal has a population of more than 27 million people made of different races and ethnic groups living in different regions, with diverse culture, languages and dialects. The Gurungs and Magars live mainly in the west The Rais, Limbus and Sunwars inhabit the slopes and valleys of the eastern mid hills. The Sherpas live in the Himalayan region. The Newars constitute an important ethnic group of the capital valley-Kathmandu. There are Tharus, Yadavas, Satars, Rajvanshis and Dhimals in the Teri region. The Brahmins, Chhetris and Thakuris are generally spread over all parts of the Himalayan Country.

Political System:

Multi-Party Democracy

Religion:

Nepal is multi religious country in the world.